CALLHOME American English Second Edition
October 17, 2023
Linguistic Data Consortium
1. Overview
===========
This is an updated release of the CALLHOME American English corpus. The original
CALLHOME corpus was collected and transcribed by the Linguistic Data
Consortium primarily in support of the project on Large Vocabulary
Conversational Speech Recognition (LVCSR), sponsored by the U.S. Department
of Defense.
This re-release combines the original CALLHOME American English Speech (LDC97S42) and
Transcripts (LDC97T14) corpora, and updates the directory structure, file
formats, documentation, etc. to modern standards.
2. Directory structure
======================
- data/flac/ -- FLAC files containing call audio
- data/transcripts/orig/ -- original transcripts in WebTrans TSV format
- data/transcripts/updated/ -- updated transcripts in WebTrans TSV format
- docs/calldata.tbl -- basic information about each call including what
partition (train/dev/test) it belongs to and results from the call quality
audit
- docs/doc_calldata.txt -- documentation of "calldata.tbl"
- docs/speakerdata.tbl -- audit-derived information about the transcribed
speakers
- docs/doc_speakerdata.txt -- documentation of "speakerdata.tbl"
- docs/pindata.tbl -- participant supplied demographics for initiator of
each call
- docs/doc_pindata.txt -- documentation of "pindata.tbl"
- docs/file.tbl -- listing of md5 checksums, sizes, dates, and file names
- docs/README.txt -- this file; a top-level documentation of directories
- docs/transcription_specs_orig.txt -- documentation of the original
transcription specifications
- docs/transcription_specs_updated.pdf -- documentation of updated
transcription specifications
3. CALLHOME
===========
3.1 Data acquisition
--------------------
Speakers were solicited by the LDC to participate in this telephone speech
collection effort via the internet, publications (advertisements), and
personal contacts. A total of 200 call originators were found, each of whom
placed a telephone call via a toll-free robot operator maintained by the LDC.
Access to the robot operator was possible via a unique Personal Identification
Number (PIN) issued by the recruiting staff at the LDC when the caller
enrolled in the project. The participants were made aware that their telephone
call would be recorded, as were the call recipients. The call was allowed only
if both parties agreed to being recorded. Each caller was allowed to talk up
to 30 minutes. Upon successful completion of the call, the caller was paid $20
(in addition to making a free long-distance telephone call).
Despite the intention to avoid repeat speakers in this collection, the
following cases have been found of the same voice occurring in more than one
conversation (channel "A" refers to the caller, channel "B" refers to the
callee):
Call-ID's Remarks
------------------------------------------------
en_0638 en_4092 Same voice on channel A (*)
en_4569 en_4673 Same voice on channel A
en_4092 en_4184 Same voice on channel B
en_4490 en_5278 en_5713 Same voice on channel B
en_4941 en_6107 Same voice on channel B
en_5208 en_6314 Same voice on channel B
en_5242 en_5532 Same voice on channel B
en_6045 en_6252 Same voice on channel B
en_6047 en_6298 Same voice on channel B
en_6067 en_6079 Same voice on channel B
en_6161 en_6625 Same voice on channel B
en_6447 en_6456 Same voice on channel B
(*) The caller in en_0638 and en_4092 appears in "docs/pindata.tbl" with
different values for age and education in these two calls; this is because a
period of about two years passed between making the two calls.
The cases of repeat callees (same voice on channel B) stemmed from recruiting
American citizens to make overseas calls. The recruitment tended in some cases
to follow social networks, where two or more people knew the same individual
(a native speaker of American English) currently living in a foreign country.
While our recruitment and initial call auditing tried to eliminate repeat
callers, we failed to detect the repeat callees in these cases until after the
calls had been transcribed and prepared for publication.
The two cases of repeat callers is due to the fact that the foreign and
domestic calls were originally collected under separate projects, and
individuals were encouraged to participate in both projects when possible.
Later, after recruitment for overseas English calls fell short of the required
quantity, some recordings from the domestic-call project were selected for use
in CallHome English. At that stage, we mistakenly included the two calls shown
above, and this went undetected until the point of publication.
In all, 200 calls were transcribed. Of these, 80 were designated as training
calls, 20 as development test calls, and 100 as evaluation test calls. Of
these 100 evaluation test calls, 20 were exposed in the original CALLHOME
releases (LDC97S42 and LDC97T14); the remainder were withheld for use in
future evaluations and remain unexposed in this release. For each of the
training and development test calls, a contiguous 10-minute region was
selected for transcription; for the evaluation test calls, a 5-minute region
was transcribed.
3.2 Data verification
---------------------
After a successful call was completed, a human audit of each telephone call
was conducted to verify that the proper language was spoken, to check the
quality of the recording, and to select and describe the region to be
transcribed. The description of the transcribed region provides information
about channel quality, number of speakers, their gender, and other attributes.
The information about each call may be found in the file
"docs/calldata.tbl", and its contents are described in greater detail in
"docs/doc_calldata.txt". The audit-derived information about the transcribed
speakers may be found in the file "docs/speakerdata.tbl", whose contents are
described in the file "docs/doc_speakerdata.txt".
3.3 Speaker demographics
------------------------
Information on speaker demographics can be found in the file
"docs/pindata.tbl", whose contents are described in the file
"docs/doc_pindata.txt".
4. File formats
===============
4.1 Audio
---------
Audio is provided as 8 kHz, 16 bit two channel FLAC files converted from the
original SHORTEN compressed SPHERE files. No resampling or additional
processing was performed.
4.2 Transcripts
---------------
The transcripts are released as UTF-8 TSV files in the format output by
WebTrans (a web-based transcription tool in use at LDC). Each file consists of
a sequence of transribed speech segments, one per line, each line having the
following six tab-delimited fields:
- Audio -- basename of audio file
- Channel -- channel segment is on in audio file (1-indexed)
- Beg -- onset of speaker turn in seconds from beginning of audio file
- End -- offset of speaker turn in seconds from beginning of audio file
- Text -- transcript
- Speaker -- speaker id; within CALLHOME speaker ids are only guaranteed to
be unique within the scope of a call
5. Transcription
================
In this release we provide two versions of the transcripts:
- the version previously released in LDC97T14 (Section 5.1)
- an "updated" version which has been transformed to more closely resemble
output of current LDC transcription tasks (Section 5.2)
5.1 Original transcription
--------------------------
The transcripts are identical to those in the LDC97T14 release except that the
text encoding has been updated to UTF-8.
For details regarding the original transcription guidelines, please see the
document:
transcription_specs_orig.txt
5.2 Updated transcription
-------------------------
The updated transcripts conform to the most recent version of in-house LDC
transcription specifications as described in:
docs/transcription_specs_updated.pdf
with the following exceptions:
- When the initial portion of a word is ellided, this is indicated by '-'; e.g.
Three senators -stained from the vote.
- {noise} indicates a background noise not made by a speaker
- Speech in foreign language is marked by inline XML elements. The element is
named "foreign" and has a single mandatory "lang" attribute. The value of
this attribute is the ISO 639-3 code for the language. E.g.:
hellow
A nonexhaustive list of the transformations applied:
- Normalized unintelligible regions annotations; e.g., by removing of
leading/trailing whitespace:
(( text)) -> ((text))
- Normalized speaker-produced noises to the set allowed in modern guidelines:
- {laugh}
- {cough}
- {breath}
- {lipsmack}
- {NSV} (catch all for all other noises)
E.g., {breath_noise} -> {breath}
- Mapped all background noises not made by speaker to {noise}; e.g.
[click] --> {noise}
[static] --> {noise}
- Removed background or channel sound annotations, e.g.,
[echoing] text [/echoing] -> text
- Removed inline comments, e.g.,
[[distortion]] -> ''
- Use inline XML to mark speech from foreign languages. Maked using an element
named "foreign" with a single mandatory attribute "lang" that indicates a
three letter ISO 639-3 language code. E.g.
--> w1 w2
- Mark initialisms and spoken words using '~'; e.g.
C E O --> ~CEO
CD ROM --> ~CD ROM
- Removed redundant whitespaces, e.g., w1 w2 -> w1 w2
- Miscellaneous typo fixes.
6. Metadata
===========
6.1 calldata.tbl
----------------
This is a tab-delimited file containing metadata for all calls. Please see the
document "docs/doc_calldata.txt" for details.
6.2 speakerdata.tbl
-------------------
This is a tab-delimited file containing metadata for all speakers in the
corpus. Please see the document "docs/doc_speakerdata.txt" for details.
6.3 pindata.tbl
---------------
This is a tab-delimited file containing metadata for all participants who
initiated a call. Please see the document "docs/doc_pindata.txt" for
details.
6.4 file.tbl
------------
Expected sizes, modification times, and MD5 checksums for all files within the
"data/" directory are recorded in "docs/file.tbl". This is a tab-delimited
table containing one file per line, each line having the following 4 fields:
- checksum -- MD5 checksum of file
- size -- size of file in bytes
- datetime -- last modification date in YYYY-MM-DD_HH:MM:SS format
- path -- path to file relative to root of release directory
7. Contacts
===========
If you have questions about this data release, please contact the following
LDC personnel:
Neville Ryant